Ecosystem changes refer to alterations in the structure and function of ecosystems, often caused by natural processes or human activities. This research area focuses on understanding how ecosystems respond to environmental stressors such as climate change, pollution, invasive species, and habitat destruction. Researchers study changes in biodiversity, species interactions, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem resilience to inform conservation and management strategies. This research can help us better predict and mitigate the impacts of ecosystem changes on biodiversity, ecosystem services, and human well-being.